black-pepper - Gods

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Black Pepper

Ingredient · 9 compounds · 6 conditions

Black Pepper is profiled across the CytoSolve® knowledge base and mapped to the disease biology it influences — tracing each of its compounds through disease, biological process, molecular pathway and down to individual biomarkers, with source videos and references at each step.

Compounds in this ingredient

⌬Limonene ⌬Pelargonidin ⌬Pellitorine ⌬Pinene ⌬Piperine ⌬Sabinene ⌬α-Caryophyllene ⌬α-Pinene ⌬β-Caryophyllene

Conditions addressed

❀Alzheimer's Disease ❀Asthma ❀Bowel Health ❀Metabolic Health ❀Osteoarthritis ❀Viral Infections

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Ingredient → Compounds → Diseases → Biological Processes → Molecular Pathways → Biomarkers

All Compound Disease Biological Process Molecular Pathway

⌬

Compound · 6 disease(s) · 16 pathway(s)

▸

❀

Alzheimer's Disease

Disease · 3 process(es) · 3 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ NeuroInflammation1 pathway

▸▣ LPS/TLR4 Signaling

◈ TargetNF-κB

◆IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α

▸✣ Oxidative Stress1 pathway

▸▣ Nrf2/ARE Signaling

◈ TargetROS

◆ROS

▸✣ Neurodegeneration1 pathway

▸▣ Caspase-3 Signaling

◈ TargetBax

◆BAX, Caspase-3

❀

Viral Infections

Disease · 3 process(es) · 5 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Inflammation3 pathways

▸▣ STAT6/GATA3/IL-4 Signaling

◈ TargetSTAT6

◆TNF-α and IL-1β

▸▣ Th2/Th17 Signaling

◈ TargetMast cell activation

◆IL-4, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17A, and TNF-α

▶ Video ❀ Reference

▸▣ IL1β Signaling

◈ TargetAP-1

◆IL6, COX-2, PGE-2

▸✣ Cartilage Degeneration1 pathway

▸▣ IL1β Signaling

◈ TargetERK1/2

◆MMP1, MMP13

▸✣ Apoptosis1 pathway

▸▣ Oxidative Stress Signaling

◈ TargetMitochondrial complex III◈ TargetNADPH Oxidase◈ TargetXanthine Oxidase

◆Cleaved PARP

❀

Metabolic Health

Disease · 2 process(es) · 3 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Cholesterol Elimination2 pathways

▸▣ Cholesterol homeostasis Signaling

◈ TargetCholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1)

◆TG, LDL, Bile acid, Cholesterol

▸▣ LDL Signaling

◈ TargetLecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)

◆TG, LDL, Bile acid, Cholesterol

▸✣ Lipid Peroxidation1 pathway

▸▣ ROS Signaling

◈ TargetROS

◆MDA, ROS, Ox-LDL

❀

Disease · 3 process(es) · 3 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Fat Digestion1 pathway

▸▣ Lipid Metabolic Signaling

◈ TargetPancreatic and intestinal Lipase

◆Lipase, Triglycerides

▸✣ Carbohydrate Digestion1 pathway

▸▣ Carbohydrate Metabolic Signaling

◈ TargetSalivary and pancreatic α-amylase

◆Dietary Carbohydrate, monosaccharides, α-amylase

▸✣ Protein Digestion1 pathway

▸▣ Protein Metabolic Signaling

◈ TargetPepsin, Trypsin, Chymotrypsin

◆Dietary Protein, Pepsin, Trypsin, Chymotrypsin

❀

Disease · 1 process(es) · 1 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Inflammation1 pathway

▸▣ NF-κB Signaling

◈ TargetIKK Complex

◆TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β

❀

Disease · 1 process(es) · 1 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Inflammation1 pathway

▸▣ IL-1β Signaling

◈ TargetIκBα

◆MMP-3, MMP-13, iNOS and COX-2

⌬

β-Caryophyllene

Compound · 3 disease(s) · 4 pathway(s)

▸

❀

Viral Infections

Disease · 1 process(es) · 1 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Inflammation1 pathway

▸▣ CB2/PPAR-γ/NF-κB Signaling

◈ TargetCB2

◆TNF-α, IL-6, Il-1β, IL-13, MMP 3, MMP9

❀

Disease · 2 process(es) · 2 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Oxidative Stress1 pathway

▸▣ Nrf2 Signaling

◈ TargetNrf2

◆MPO, GPx, MDA, ROS

▸✣ Inflammation1 pathway

▸▣ ACE2/MasR Signaling

◈ TargetACE2

◆TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6

❀

Disease · 1 process(es) · 1 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Inflammation1 pathway

▸▣ NLRP3 Signaling

◈ TargetNLRP3

◆IL-1β

⌬

Compound · 2 disease(s) · 3 pathway(s)

▸

❀

Viral Infections

Disease · 1 process(es) · 1 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Inflammation1 pathway

▸▣ MAPK Signaling

◈ Targetp-JNK◈ Targetp38 MAPK◈ TargetiNOS

◆IL-6, IL-27, GM-CSF, IL-1ra

❀

Disease · 1 process(es) · 2 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Skeletal Muscal Atrophy2 pathways

▸▣ ROS-mediated MAPK–MuRF-1 Signaling

◈ TargetROS

◆MuRF-1, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, MYH-2

▸▣ ROS-mediated MAPK/MuRF-1 Signaling

◈ TargetROS

◆MuRF-1, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, MYH-2

⌬

Compound · 1 disease(s) · 1 pathway(s)

▸

❀

Viral Infections

Disease · 1 process(es) · 1 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Inflammation1 pathway

▸▣ NF-κB/ERK Signaling

◈ Targetp-p65◈ Targetp-ERK

◆TNF-α, IL-6

⌬

Compound · 1 disease(s) · 2 pathway(s)

▸

❀

Viral Infections

Disease · 2 process(es) · 2 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Immunomodulation1 pathway

▸▣ ERK/AKT Signaling

◈ Targetp-ERK

◆CD56, CD107a, Perforins, Granzyme B

▸✣ Inflammation1 pathway

▸▣ NF-κB/ MAPK Signaling

◈ Targetp-IκB◈ Targetp-p65◈ Targetp-ERK◈ Targetp-JNK

◆TNF-α, IL-6, NO, COX-2

⌬

α-Caryophyllene

Compound · 1 disease(s) · 2 pathway(s)

▸

❀

Disease · 2 process(es) · 2 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Cell Proliferation1 pathway

▸▣ p21/cyclin D Signaling

◈ Targetp21

◆p21, cyclin E2, CDK4, CDK2, CDK6, and cyclin D3

▸✣ Apoptosis1 pathway

▸▣ Caspase9/3 Signaling

◈ TargetBAX/Bcl‐2

◆BAX/Bcl‐2 ratio, Caspase-3

⌬

Compound · 2 disease(s) · 3 pathway(s)

▸

❀

Disease · 1 process(es) · 1 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Neutrophil Infiltration1 pathway

▸▣ ß2-integrin mediated Signaling

◈ Targetß2-Integrin

◆TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6

❀

Disease · 1 process(es) · 2 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Osteogenesis2 pathways

▸▣ p38 MAPKMAPK Signaling

◈ Targetp-p38 MAPK

◆Myogenin, MyoD, ALP, osteocalcin (OCN)

▸▣ AKT Signaling

◈ TargetAKT

◆Myogenin, MyoD, ALP, osteocalcin (OCN)

⌬

Compound · 1 disease(s) · 1 pathway(s)

▸

❀

Disease · 1 process(es) · 1 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Apoptosis1 pathway

▸▣ Caspase Signaling

◈ TargetCaspase-3

◆ROS

⌬

Compound · 1 disease(s) · 1 pathway(s)

▸

❀

Disease · 1 process(es) · 1 pathway(s)

▸

▸✣ Cartilage Degeneration1 pathway

▸▣ NF-κB Signaling

◈ Targetp-p65

◆TNFα, IL-6, NO